The effectiveness of Hypoventilation Therapy on Emotional inhabitation and Attention Bias in Students with GAD

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 MAs clinical psychology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

2 Ph.d Psychology, Faculty of Education and psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabil, Ardabil, Iran.

3 Master's student in clinical psychology, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran.

4 Counseling expert, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Abhar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran.

5 Master of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran.

6 Master of Counseling, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Al-Zahra University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Objective :The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of Emotion Regulation on Rumination and Perception of anxiety control in girl students with social anxiety Disorder.
Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted using pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of this study was compromised the whole student GAD patients visited in Ardabil Comprehensive Health clinic in of 2019. Thirty patients were selected through convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to two equal experimental and control groups. Experimental group were received the 4 weeks of hypoventilation therapy, while control group was not received any. Dot-Prob and intervention Emotional inhabitation questionnaires were used in pre-test, post-test for gathering data. Data were analyzed via descriptive indices and multivariate analysis of covariance.
Result: The result of comparing post-test of scores in two group showed that there were significant difference in symptoms of Attention Bias and Emotional inhabitation scores between experimental and control group (p<0.01).
Conclusion: These results reveal that the hypoventilation therapy psychotherapy can reduce the symptoms of Attention bias and Emotional inhabitation in students with GAD.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

تقی پور، بهزاد؛ بشرپور، سجاد؛ حاجلو،‌نادر و نریمانی، محمد. (1398). اثربخشی درمان هیپوونتیلاسیون بر حساسیت اضطرابی و پردازش هیجانی زنان مبتلا به اختلال پانیک. مجله مطالعات روان‌شناسی بالینی،‌10(38)، 99-79.
[https://doi.org/10.22054/jcps.2020.48207.2221}
نریمانی، محمد؛ پورعبدل، سعید و بشرپور، سجاد. (1395). اثربخشی آموزش مبتنی بر پذیرش/ تعهد بر کاهش اضطراب اجتماعی دانش‌آموزان دارای اختلال یادگیری خاصو مجله ناتوانی‌های یادگیری، 6(1)، 121-140.
American psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM_V). Fifth Edition. Arlington, VA, American Psychiatric Association,1(2): 189-235.https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/practice/dsm
Aue, T & singer, H. (2015). Expectancy biases in fear and anxiety and their link to biases in attention. Clinical psychology Review, 42: 83-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2015.08.005
Balzarotti, S., John, O.P., Gross, J.J. (2010). An Italian adaption of the emotion regulation questionnaire. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 2(11): 14-28. [Doi:10.1027/1015-5759/a000009]
Cartwright-Hatton, S., McNally, D., White, C., Verduyn, C. (2005). Parenting skills training: an effective intervention for internalizing symptoms in younger children? Journal child Adolesc Psychiatr Nurs., 18(2): 45-52. [Doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6171.2005.00014.x]
Dixon, M.L., Vega, A.D., Mills, C., Andrews-Hanna, J., Spreng, R.N., Cole M.W., and christoff, K. (2018). Heterogeneity within the frontoparietal control network and its relationship to the default and dorsal attention networks. Proc natal Academic Science U S A, 115(7): 1598-1607. [Doi: 10.1073/pnas.1715766115]
Gross, J.J. (2015). Emotion Regulation: Affective cognitive, and social consequences. Psychophysiology, 39(3): 281-291. [Doi: 10.1017/s0048577201393198]
Higa-Mcmillan, C.K., Francis, S.E., Rih-Najarian, L., Chorpita, B.F. (2016). Evidence base update: 50 years of research on treatment for child and adolescent anxiety. Journal of clinical child and Adolescent Psychology. 45(2): 91-113. [Doi: 10.1080/15374416.2015.1046177]
Jazaieri, H., Morission, A.S., Goldin, P.R., and Gross, J.J. (2015). The role of emotion ans emotion regulation in social anxiety disorder. Current Psychiatry Report, 17(1): 531. [Doi: 10.1007/s11920-014-0531-3]
Kim, S., Wollburg, E., & Roth, W.T. (2012). Opposing breathing therapies for panic disorder: a randomized controlled trial of lowering vs raising end-tidal Pco2. Journal clinical psychiatry, 73, 931-939. [Doi: 10.4088/JCP.11m07068]
Kristoffersen, J.T. (2016). Attention bias modification and emotion regulation in depression recurrence, Thesis for the degree of Doctor in Clinical Psychology. University of Oslo. [Doi: http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-56760]
Meuret, A.E., Ritz, T., Wilhelm, F.H., Roth, W.T., &Rosenfield, D. (2018). Hypoventilation Therapy alleviates panic by repeated induction of dyspnea. Journal Biological psychiatry: cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging, 3(6), 539-546. [Doi: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2018.01.010]
Muller-Pinzler, L., Gazzola, V., Keysers, C., Sommer, J., Jansen, A., Frassle, S., Krach, S. (2015). Neural path wav of embarrassment and their modulation by social anxiety. Neuroimage. 119(1): 252-261.  [Doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.06.036]
Narimani, M., Pourabdol, S., & Basharpoor, S. (2016). The effectiveness of acceptance/ commitment training to decrease social anxiety in students with specific learning disorder. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 6(1), 121-140. (Persian0
Newman, M.G., Zuellig, A.R., Kachin, K.E., Constantion, M.J., Przeworski, A., Erickson, T & et.al. (2002). Preliminary reliability and validity of the anxiety disorder. Behavior Therapy, 33(2): 215-233. [Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S00057894(02)80026-0]
Peter, J., Lawarence, D.C., Murayman, K., & Creswell, C. (2019) Systematic review and meta-analysis: Anxiety and depression disorder in off spring of parents with anxiety disorder. Journal American Academic children Adolescence Psychiatry, 58(1): 46-60. [Doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2018.07.898]
Roger, D., Najarian, B. (1989). The construction and validation of a new scale for measuring emotion control. Personal & Individial Different, 845-853. [Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/01918869(89)90020-2]
Rygh, J. I., Sanderson. & W. C. (2004). Treting generalized anxity disorder: Evidenced-based strategies. Tools, and techniques. New York, Guliford press. https://www.guilford.com/books/Treating-Generalized-Anxiety-Disorder/Rygh-Sanderson/9781593850395
Sadock, B.J.,&Sadock, P.R. (2015). Kaplan and sadocks pocket handbook of clinical psychiatry. 11th ed. https://www.amazon.com/Kaplan-Sadocks-Handbook-Clinical-Psychiatry/dp/1496386930
Somers, J.M., Goldner, E,M., Waraich, P., & Hus, L. (2006). Prevalence and incidence studies of anxiety disorders: a systematic review of the literature. Canada Journal of Psychiatry. 51: 100-13. [Doi: 10.1177/070674370605100206]
Taghipuor, B., Basharpoor, S., Hajloo, N & Narimani, M. (2020). The effectiveness of hypoventilation on emotion processing and anxiety sensitivity in women with panic disorder. Journal clinical Psychology Studies. 10(38), 79-99. (Persian). [https://doi.org/10.22054/jcps.2020.48207.2221].
Townshend, J.M & Duka, T. (2001). Attentional bias associated with alcohol cues: Differences between heavy and occasional social drinkers. Psycho pharmacology, 15; 67-74. [Doi: 10.1007/s002130100764]
Tunnel, N.C., Ritz, T., Wilhelm, F.H., Roth, W.T & Meuret, A.E. (2020). Habituation or vormalization? Experiential and respiratory recovery from voluntary Hyperventilation in treated versus untreated patients with disorder panic. Journal Behavior Therapy, [Doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2020.03.003]
Zvolensky, M.J., Paulus, D.J., Bakhshaie, J., Garza, M., Manning, K., Lemaire, C., Reitzel, L.R., Smith, L.J., & Ochoa-Perez, M. (2018). Anxiety sensitivity and age: Roles in understanding subjective social status among Low income adult latinos in primary care. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 20(3), 635-640. [Doi: 10.1037/ort0000307]
Journal of School Psychology
Volume 12, Issue 1
2023
Pages 98-108

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics