ساخت و هنجاریابی پرسشنامه ی هدفگذاری تحصیلی برای دانش آموزان دوره متوسطه اول

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی شناختی، پژهشکده علوم شناختی و مغز، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 استاد،دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی،‌ دانشگاه شهیدبهشتی ، تهران، ایران.

3 استاد عصب روانشناسی، پژهشکده علوم شناختی و مغز، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: هدفگذاری فرایند تعیین اهدافی است که فرد می‌خواهد به آنها دست یابد. در این مطالعه، برای اولین بار پرسشنامه هدفگذاری تحصیلی برای دانش‌آموزان ساخته و روایی و پایایی آن بررسی شده است.
روش‌ها: بر مبنای نظریه هدفگذاری و تجسم هدف، 29 پرسش در قالب 5 عامل وضوح هدف، تعهد به هدف، تعارض بین اهداف، دشواری هدف و تجسم هدف طراحی گردید. 10 نفر از متخصصین روانشناسی و 1332 دانش‌آموز در این پژوهش مشارکت نمودند.
یافته‌ها: تمام گویه‌ها روایی صوری را کسب نمودند اما تنها 22 پرسش روایی محتوا را برآورده ساختند. تحلیل عاملی تاییدی، مدل پنج عاملی پرسشنامه را تایید نمود و تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی نیز پنج عامل مفروض را استخراج کرد. به عنوان روایی ملاکی، پرسشنامه هدفگذاری توانست به ترتیب 20 و 28 درصد از واریانس نمره هدف و معدل خردادماه را پیشبینی نماید. به عنوان روایی همزمان نیز اهداف پیشرفت توانستند 21 درصد از واریانس نمره نهایی پرسشنامه را پیشبینی کنند. همچنین آلفای کرونباخ نیز نشان داد که پرسشنامه از همسانی درونی و پایایی قابل قبولی (بالای 7/0) برخوردار است.
نتیجه‌گیری: پرسشنامه هدفگذاری تحصیلی تدوین شده در این پژوهش برای دانش‌آموزان متوسطه اول از روایی و پایایی قابل قبول برخوردار بوده و در مقایسه با پرسشنامه‌های مشابه و پرنفوذ مانند پرسشنامه اهداف پیشرفت قدرت بالاتری برای پیشبینی عملکرد تحصیلی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Development and validation of an academic goal-setting questionnaire for middle school students

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzin Haqnazari 1
  • Vahid Nejati 2
  • HamidReza Pouretemad 3
1 Ph.D. candidate of Cognitive Psychology, Institute for cognitive and brain sciences, Shahid Behseshti University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor of psychology, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences,, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Professor of neuro-psychology, Institute for cognitive and brain sciences, Shahid Behseshti University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Objective: Goal-setting is a process to set desired future end-states that the person wants to attain. In this study, we developed and validated a student goal-setting questionnaire.
Methods: Given the goal-setting theory and goal imagery, 29 items within 5 factors were designed for the assessment of educational goal-setting. 10 experts in psychology and 1332 (middle school) students participated in a cross-sectional design.
Results: All of the items were approved by the impact score of face validity, but content validity verified only 22 items. Confirmatory factor analysis verified the five-factor model of the questionnaire and explanatory factor analysis extracted the five factors from the 22 items. As for criterion validity, the questionnaire could predict 20% and 28% of the variance of grade goal and average final grade, respectively. Concerning the concurrent validity of the questionnaire, achievement goals could predict 21% of the variance of the goal-setting questionnaire. Moreover, Cronbach’s α showed that the questionnaire has acceptable internal consistency (over .70).
Conclusion: The Academic Goal-Setting Questionnaire which was designed in this study for middle-school students had acceptable validity and reliability and could predict academic performance more than the other well-known questionnaires such as the Achievement Goals Questionnaire.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • academic goal
  • goal-setting
  • grade goal
  • middle school
  • questionnaire
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