The effectiveness of the HOPS educational program on academic self-efficacy of procrastinating students

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Professor, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.

2 M.A. Student of School Counceling, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.

10.22098/jsp.2026.19506.6398

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the HOPS (Homework, Organization and Planning Skills) educational program on academic self-efficacy of procrastinating students.
Method: The method of the current research was semi-experimental including pretest and posttest designs with a control group. All female students of secondary education of Ardabil city in the academic year of 2025-2026 comprised the population of this research. 40 procrastinating students were recruited through randomized cluster sampling which were randomly assigned to experimental group (n=20) and control group (n=20). The participants of the experimental group, received 12 sessions of the HOPS educational program while the control group sticked to their normal routine. The Jinks and Morgan's Academic Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (1999) and Solomon and Ruth Bloom's Academic Procrastination Scale (1984) were taken to collect data. The data were analyzed using statistical method of covariance in SPSS software.
Results: The results demonstrated that the academic self-efficacy of procrastinating students in posttests of the experimental group significantly outperformed the control group and the research hypothesis based on the effectiveness of the HOPS educational program on academic self-efficacy of procrastinating students was approved.
Conclusion: Thus, it can be concluded that the HOPS educational program is indeed effective on academic self-efficacy of procrastinating students; therefore, applying this program in case of increasing student's academic self-efficacy in schools is suggested.

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Journal of School Psychology

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 08 April 2026

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