Designing a Causal Model of Academic Buoyancy in High School Students Based on Helicopter Parenting, Cognitive Load, and Academic Psychological Capital

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran.

2 Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.

10.22098/jsp.2026.17008.6104

Abstract

Objective: The present study aimed to design a causal model of academic buoyancy in high school students based on helicopter parenting, cognitive load, and academic psychological capital.
Methods: The research method was a descriptive study using structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population consisted of all high school students in Miandoab city in 2024, from whom 250 students were selected using a convenience sampling method. The data collection tools included the Academic Psychological Capital Questionnaire, Cognitive Load Scale, Academic Buoyancy Scale and the Helicopter Parenting Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test, bootstrap analysis, and the Sobel test, conducted in SPSS and AMOS (version 26).
Resuts: The results of the study indicated that the proposed model demonstrated a relatively good fit across all goodness-of-fit indices. Moreover, the variables academic psychological capital, cognitive load, and helicopter parenting played a role in explaining the academic buoyancy model of students, accounting for 58% of the variance in academic buoyancy. The direct effects of academic psychological capital (β = 0.32), helicopter parenting (β = -0.22), and cognitive load (β = -0.36) on academic buoyancy were significant. Additionally, the indirect effects of academic psychological capital (t-value = 2.3) and helicopter parenting (t-value = 3.11) were significant through the mediating role of cognitive load (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the findings, it appears that psychologists and teachers can enhance academic buoyancy in students by reducing unnecessary cognitive load and mitigating the negative effects of ineffective parenting styles.

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